Abstract:-
The petroleum based fuels used
for Internal Combustion Engines steadily achieving a steep pricing demand
because of the Industrialization of the world. These petroleum based fuels are
obtained from limited resources. These limited resources are highly
concentrated in certain region of the world. So, countries not having these
resources are facing energy/ foreign exchange crises mainly due to the import
of crude petroleum. Hence, it is necessary to look for alternative fuels which
can be produced from resources available locally with in the country such as
alcohol, bio diesel, vegetable oil etc. The present paper attempts to review
critically on the aspects of production, characterization and the status of
vegetable oil and bio diesel. This paper also reviews the experimental research
work carried out on these fuels in various countries. The world resources of
primary energy and the raw materials are limited. According to an estimate the
reserves will lost for 218 years for coal, 41 years for oil, and 63 years for
natural gas. The global population of motor vehicles on the roads to day is 1⁄2
a billion which is more than 10 times higher than what was in 1950.
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